Trailer Mounted Water Well Drilling Rig - 100 m to 400 m, Bedrock Capable

TWD series trailer-mounted water well drilling rig — towable behind a truck, bedrock-capable with DTH hammer.
Depth: 100 – 400 m
Hole diameter: 100 – 450 mm
Method: DTH hammer / rotary mud
Transport: 4-wheel trailer, towable
Weight: ~6.2 t (TWD400)

A trailer mounted water well drilling rig is the right machine when the well site is reachable by road but too remote for a dedicated truck-mounted rig and too spread out for a single stationary crawler. These four-wheel towable rigs move between farms, villages, schools, and rural compound sites under a standard truck or tractor, then set up on hydraulic support legs in minutes. They are the default choice for water-well contractors working across agricultural regions in Africa, Southeast Asia, and Latin America, where drilling locations are scattered but roads pass through.

The trade-off against a crawler rig is mobility off-road: a trailer rig cannot climb rough terrain or wetlands the way a steel-track machine can. The trade-off against a truck-mounted rig is capital cost and weight — a trailer rig runs on the customer's existing tow vehicle rather than requiring a purpose-built 4×4 chassis, and the 400 m class TWD400 weighs around 6.2 t, light enough to cross weak rural bridges that truck rigs cannot.

In bedrock — weathered granite, basalt, or fractured sedimentary rock — the same rig is configured with a down-the-hole (DTH) hammer and an onboard or trailed air compressor rather than a mud motor. Air flushing clears cuttings faster than mud in hard rock, and a DTH hammer drills 3–5 times deeper per hour than a tricone bit on rotary torque alone. For a 400 m class trailer rig, the power requirement is a Yuchai or Cummins diesel of roughly 90–132 kW, matched to an 89 mm drill string and a rotary head delivering 6,000–12,000 N·m — enough to turn 4-inch drill pipe and pull casing from 300–400 m holes.

Why Trailer Mounted

Trailer rigs sit between crawler rigs and truck-mounted rigs on the mobility–cost spectrum. Choosing the right platform depends on where your wells are and what kind of roads connect them.

  • Fast road transit; self-contained cab and rig
  • Platform Best for Strengths Limitations
    Trailer mounted (this page) Road-accessible farm, village, and rural well sites; scattered job sites; light-bridge routes Towable by existing truck/tractor; lowest capital cost; fast setup on hydraulic legs; 6–8 t transport weight Cannot self-drive off-road; soft or steep sites need a winch or short pull-in
    Crawler mounted Rough terrain, wetlands, hilly ground, no road access Self-propelled on tracks; stable on uneven ground; heavier pullback Expensive; must be trucked between sites; heavier fuel use
    Truck mounted Long-distance highway moves, urban/municipal wells Heavy (15–25 t); cannot reach weak rural bridges; higher chassis cost

    For contractors whose daily work is drilling 100–400 m water wells on farms and village plots that a pickup or tractor can reach, the trailer rig is usually the fastest return on investment: no second truck, no track drive maintenance, and a rig that can be unhitched and left on site while the tow vehicle keeps working.

    Bedrock Drilling with DTH Hammer

    Weathered bedrock — granite, basalt, rhyolite, or hard limestone — is where a trailer rig earns its keep. Soft overburden can be drilled with mud and a wing bit; once the hole hits rock, the contractor switches to a down-the-hole (DTH) hammer.

    • How it works. A reciprocating piston inside the hammer strikes a tungsten-carbide bit while compressed air flushes cuttings up the annulus. The bit rotates slowly while the hammer breaks rock 1,500–3,000 times per minute.
    • Penetration rate. In 30–80 MPa weathered bedrock, a DTH hammer on a 400 m trailer rig typically delivers 15–30 m/h — versus 3–6 m/h with a tricone bit and mud. In softer rock (under 30 MPa) rates can exceed 40 m/h.
    • Air requirement. A typical TWD300/TWD400 rig needs a 18–25 m³/min, 17–25 bar air compressor. On smaller trailer rigs the compressor is trailed separately; on TWD400 it can be skid-mounted alongside.
    • Hole range. Common DTH bit sizes are Ø90, Ø110, Ø130, Ø150, Ø165, and Ø203 mm. The TWD series reams out to Ø300–450 mm for well development after the pilot hole.
    • Mud option. In unconsolidated overburden, the same rig runs a mud pump (BW250/BW320) and tricone or wing bits, so one rig handles both soil and rock sections of a single well.

    400 m Configuration

    The TWD400 is the top of the trailer line, configured to reach 400 m in rock with a Ø89 mm drill string. Buyers sizing a 400 m trailer rig should check these parameters rather than the headline depth alone.

    Parameter TWD400 spec Why it matters
    Max drilling depth 400 m Rated in typical weathered bedrock; deeper possible in softer formations
    Hole diameter 100 – 450 mm Pilot at Ø110–165 mm, reamed to Ø300–450 mm for well screen
    Drill rod Ø89 / Ø102 / Ø114 mm × 3, 4.5, or 6 m 3 m rods standard; 6 m rods cut rod-change time by half on deep holes
    Engine Yuchai ~92–132 kW (Cummins optional) Must drive rotary head, mud pump, and air compressor simultaneously
    Rotary head torque 6,000 – 12,000 N·m Determines ability to turn 4-inch rods at 300–400 m
    Pullback 25 – 35 t Needed to pull stuck rods and 6-inch casing from 400 m
    Air compressor 18–25 m³/min, 17–25 bar (optional/trailed) Required for DTH hammer; under-sized compressor stalls in deep holes
    Transport weight ~6.2 t Light enough for rural bridges; towable by a 4×2 or 4×4 truck

    Towing and Transport

    The trailer platform is the reason this rig can reach scattered sites without a second truck. A few operating points worth confirming before purchase:

    • Tow vehicle. A 4×2 truck with ≥12 t towing capacity is sufficient on paved rural roads; a 4×4 is recommended for muddy or sloped access. The TWD400's ~6.2 t laden weight sits well under most 7.5 t and 12 t truck ratings.
    • Setup time. Four hydraulic support legs level the rig in 15–25 minutes. No crane is needed — the mast raises and hydraulically extends from the transport position.
    • Road legal. The trailer is built to EU/CE towing dimensions (width ≤2.55 m, height ≤4 m in transport). LED lights, brakes, and a coupler meeting EU/US/UN/ECE regulations can be specified for the destination market.
    • Export packing. The rig ships disassembled into a 40HQ container. Mast, power unit, and wheel chassis are fixed in steel frames; drill pipe is bundled separately. Lead time 25–35 days after deposit.

    Models

    The TWD trailer line spans 100 to 400 meters. Choose the model by your typical depth and ground — not just the maximum rating.

    Model TWD100 TWD200 TWD300 TWD400
    Max depth 100 m 200 m 300 m 400 m
    Hole diameter 90 – 200 mm 115 – 300 mm 140 – 350 mm 100 – 450 mm
    Engine ~45 kW ~65 kW ~92 kW Yuchai ~132 kW
    Drill rod Ø42 / Ø50 mm Ø60 mm Ø76 / Ø89 mm Ø89 / Ø102 / Ø114 mm
    Pullback 8 t 15 t 20 t 30 t
    DTH hammer Optional Optional Yes Yes
    Air compressor Trailed Trailed 18 m³/min 20–25 m³/min
    Weight ~2.5 t ~3.5 t ~4.8 t ~6.2 t
    Typical use Shallow village wells, soft ground Farm wells, light rock Rural water supply, weathered bedrock Deep bedrock, geothermal, contractor fleets

    Specific configurations, optional items, and final pricing are quoted per destination and ground conditions. Contact us for a model recommendation.

    Get a Quote

    Tell us your typical drilling depth, ground (soil / weathered bedrock / hard rock), and destination port — we will recommend TWD100 / TWD200 / TWD300 / TWD400 and quote FOB, CIF, or DAP.

    Request a Trailer Rig Quote